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Question 1

What is the primary goal of fault tolerance in a distributed database?

A

To optimize query execution time

B

To ensure the system continues to operate despite hardware or software failures

C

To reduce data redundancy across nodes

D

To minimize network latency

Question 2

What is the purpose of a checkpoint in database recovery?

A

To save the current state of the database for faster recovery

B

To delete outdated data from the database

C

To replicate data across distributed nodes

D

To detect and resolve deadlocks

Question 3

What is the main benefit of write-ahead logging (WAL)?

A

It ensures that uncommitted changes are immediately applied to the database

B

It allows recovery by replaying logs after a system failure

C

It reduces redundancy in distributed systems

D

It minimizes disk I/O operations during write transactions

Question 4

What does "redo" logging accomplish during recovery?

A

It reverses uncommitted transactions to restore a consistent state

B

It validates transaction integrity before committing

C

It removes corrupted logs from the database

D

It re-applies committed changes to the database during recovery

Question 5

What is the role of failover in a highly available system?

A

To replicate data across nodes in real time

B

To optimize query performance on the primary node

C

To automatically redirect operations to a backup node when a primary node fails

D

To manage concurrent transactions

Question 6

Which technique ensures that all changes are logged before being applied to the database?

A

Write-Ahead Logging (WAL)

B

Checkpointing

C

Data Mirroring

D

Coordinated Recovery

.....

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