Grokking Microservices for System Design Interviews

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Case Study: A Video Upload and Streaming Pipeline

1. The Question

"Design video upload and streaming. Creators upload source files, you transcode each file into several qualities, and viewers around the world stream them. Say 500 hours of video get uploaded every minute."

Earlier case studies waited on people. A restaurant confirms, a driver drives, and the system's job is to hold state while humans take their time.

Here the wait is compute you own and pay for. One upload can take twenty minutes of CPU before anyone can watch it. That single fact reshapes the API, the failure handling, and what the creator sees on screen.

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