6.1 What Are Search Algorithms?

Imagine you misplaced your smartphone somewhere in your home. How would you find it? You might:

• Search systematically, room-by-room.

• Quickly check obvious places first (your desk, couch).

• Recall where you last used it.

Similarly, an AI agent uses search algorithms—step-by-step processes—to find answers to problems. They are a systematic way of exploring options to reach a goal efficiently.

Search algorithms appear everywhere:

• GPS navigation apps finding the fastest route.

• Gaming AI deciding the next best move.