In the ER model, Degree of Relationship, cardinality and participation are essential concepts that describe the constraints on relationships between entities. These concepts specify how many instances of one entity can or must be associated with instances of another entity, helping to clarify the nature of interactions between data elements.

Degree of Relationship

The degree of a relationship in an ER model indicates the number of entity types involved in a relationship. It provides information on the complexity of interactions between entities.