Relational Database Design and Modeling for Software Engineers
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First Normal Form (1NF)

A college keeps one row per student, and a student may have two phone numbers. Somebody types both into the same cell, separated by a comma.

Student_IDNameContact_NumberCourse
101Alice Smith123-456-7890, 098-765-4321Math
102Bob Johnson234-567-8901Science
103Carol White345-678-9012, 543-210-6789History

Now try to answer a simple question: which student has the number 098-765-4321?

You cannot use a normal comparison, because no cell equals that value. You have to search inside the text

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