System Design Fundamentals

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SQL Normalization and Denormalization

SQL Normalization

Normalization in SQL is a database design technique that organizes tables in a manner that reduces redundancy and dependency. It involves dividing a database into two or more tables and defining relationships between them to achieve a more efficient database structure.

Characteristics

  • Reduces Redundancy: Avoids duplication of data.
  • Improves Data Integrity: Ensures data accuracy and consistency.
  • Database Design: Involves creating tables and establishing relationships through primary and foreign keys.

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Ruslan Iskandarov

Ruslan Iskandarov

· 2 years ago

I didn't understand the section titled "Levels (Normal Forms)"

  • 1NF (First Normal Form): Data is stored in atomic form with no repeating groups.
  • 2NF (Second Normal Form): Meets 1NF and has no partial dependency on any candidate key.
  • 3NF (Third Normal Form): Meets 2NF and has no transitive dependency.
Show 1 reply
M

Mohit

· 2 years ago

Under the Key Differences section, it says:

Normalization increases the complexity of the write operations.

However I thought it would increase the read complexity since now we have to do a join to get the same data.

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Srikanth Pisharody

Srikanth Pisharody

· 2 months ago

The 3 Levels of normalization has been dumbed down to single line explanations. There should separate pages for each of these with real world examples of when using a certain level makes sense. This is an important topic and should be addressed in detail.

Show 1 reply
T

thandra82

· a month ago

  • 1NF (First Normal Form): Data is stored in atomic form with no repeating groups.
  • 2NF (Second Normal Form): Meets 1NF and has no partial dependency on any candidate key.
  • 3NF (Third Normal Form): Meets 2NF and has no transitive dependency.

these are literally single line statements doesnt make sense.