Grokking the System Design Interview, Volume II
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15. Vector Clocks
When a distributed system allows concurrent writes, different replicas can end up with different versions of the same object. Vector clocks let the system tell which version came from which, and sort out the ones that conflict.
Background
When a distributed system allows concurrent writes, an object can end up with multiple versions. Different replicas can hold different versions of the same data. An example makes this concrete.
On a single machine, all we need is wall clock time: the ordinary time from the system clock. Say we write to key k at timestamp `t1
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