Grokking the System Design Interview, Volume II
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8. Lease

A lock that nobody releases blocks a resource forever. A lease fixes that by expiring on its own after a set time.

Background

In distributed systems, a client often needs specific rights to a resource. For example, it might need exclusive rights to update a file. One way to grant that is distributed locking. The client gets an exclusive, or write, lock on the file. Then it makes its update.

Locking has one problem. The lock stays in place until the client that holds it releases it. It has to release the lock on purpose. If the client fails to release it, the resource stays locked forever

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