This explanation seems a little bizarre to me.

"You should use cache-aside when you need caching but also need to ensure that a failure of the cache won’t take down your whole system"

What's an example of a situation where I'm ok with a cache failure taking down my whole system?

I also feel like you're glossing over how much complexity is involved in implementing a read-through cache. Hard to imagine how this layer wouldn't need to be aware of a lot of application logic.